Why test for proportional hazards?

MJ Stensrud, MA Hernán - Jama, 2020 - jamanetwork.com
The Cox proportional hazards model, introduced in 1972, 1 has become the default
approach for survival analysis in randomized trials. The Cox model estimates the ratio of the
hazard of the event or outcome of interest (eg, death) between 2 treatment groups.
Informally, the hazard at any given time is the probability of experiencing the event of interest
in the next interval among individuals who had not yet experienced the event by the start of
the interval. Because the Cox model requires the hazards in both groups to be proportional …