Depression is common among opiate-dependent patients and has been associated with
worse prognosis. This article reviews the literature on treatment of depressive disorders and
symptoms among patients with opiate dependence. Depression bears a complex
relationship to opiate dependence and may represent an independent disorder or may be
engendered by psychosocial stress or toxic and withdrawal effects of drugs. Primary
treatments for opiate dependence (eg, methadone or buprenorphine maintenance or …